Rukobia (fostemsavir) vs Apretude (cabotegravir extended-release injectable suspension)
Rukobia (fostemsavir) vs Apretude (cabotegravir extended-release injectable suspension)
Rukobia (fostemsavir) is an attachment inhibitor designed for adults with multidrug-resistant HIV-1 who have limited treatment options due to resistance, intolerance, or safety considerations. Apretude (cabotegravir extended-release injectable suspension) is a long-acting injectable used for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to reduce the risk of sexually acquired HIV-1 infection in individuals at risk. When deciding between the two, a patient with multidrug-resistant HIV-1 seeking treatment would consider Rukobia, while an individual looking to prevent HIV infection would consider Apretude as part of their preventive strategy.
Difference between Rukobia and Apretude
Metric | Rukobia (fostemsavir) | Apretude (cabotegravir extended-release injectable suspension) |
---|---|---|
Generic name | Fostemsavir | Cabotegravir |
Indications | Treatment of HIV-1 in heavily treatment-experienced adults with multidrug-resistant HIV-1 infection | Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to reduce the risk of sexually acquired HIV-1 infection in adults and adolescents weighing at least 35 kg |
Mechanism of action | Attachment inhibitor; binds to the gp120 subunit on the surface of the HIV-1 virus, preventing attachment to host CD4+ T cells | Integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI); prevents HIV from integrating its genetic material into the host cell's DNA |
Brand names | Rukobia | Apretude |
Administrative route | Oral | Injectable |
Side effects | Nausea, diarrhea, headache, fatigue, rash | Injection site reactions, fever, fatigue, headache, muscle pain |
Contraindications | Previous hypersensitivity reaction to fostemsavir or any component of the formulation | Previous hypersensitivity reaction to cabotegravir or any component of the formulation |
Drug class | Attachment inhibitor | Integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) |
Manufacturer | ViiV Healthcare | ViiV Healthcare |
Efficacy
Rukobia (fostemsavir) Efficacy in HIV/AIDS
Rukobia, the brand name for fostemsavir, is a novel antiretroviral medication approved for the treatment of HIV/AIDS. It is specifically indicated for adults with multidrug-resistant HIV-1 infection for whom it is otherwise not possible to construct a suppressive antiviral regimen. Fostemsavir acts as an attachment inhibitor, targeting the initial stage of HIV-1 entry into host cells, thus providing a unique mechanism of action compared to other antiretroviral agents.
The efficacy of Rukobia was primarily demonstrated in the Phase 3 BRIGHTE study, which consisted of heavily treatment-experienced adults with multidrug-resistant HIV-1. The results showed that a significant proportion of participants achieved and maintained viral suppression when Rukobia was added to an optimized background therapy. At Week 96, the study reported that a majority of patients in the randomized cohort sustained viral suppression, highlighting Rukobia's potential as an effective treatment component for this challenging patient population.
Apretude (cabotegravir extended-release injectable suspension) Efficacy in HIV/AIDS
Apretude is the brand name for cabotegravir extended-release injectable suspension, a long-acting form of the integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) cabotegravir. It is approved for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to reduce the risk of sexually acquired HIV-1 infection in at-risk adults and adolescents. Apretude is administered as an injection once every two months, offering an alternative to daily oral PrEP medications.
The efficacy of Apretude was established through two pivotal clinical trials, HPTN 083 and HPTN 084, which compared the injectable cabotegravir to daily oral emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (FTC/TDF) for PrEP. In HPTN 083, Apretude was found to be more effective than daily oral FTC/TDF in preventing HIV acquisition among men who have sex with men and transgender women. Similarly, HPTN 084 showed that Apretude was superior to daily oral FTC/TDF in preventing HIV in cisgender women. These findings suggest that Apretude is highly efficacious in reducing the risk of HIV infection across diverse populations when used as directed.
Regulatory Agency Approvals
Rukobia
Apretude
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If Rukobia or Apretude are not approved or available in your country (e.g. due to supply issues), you can access them via Everyone.org.
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